Linking words

although, despite, however, therefore.

The rules

  • "Despite" + noun. "Although" needs a full clause: "Although it rained…".
  • "Although" + subject + verb. "Despite" would need "despite the cost / despite being expensive".
  • "However" starts a new sentence and takes a comma after it.
  • "Therefore" introduces a consequence.
  • "Despite" + -ing form: "despite being tired".
  • "In case" = as a precaution against a possibility.
  • "Unless" already means "if not", never combine it with another negative.

Examples

  • Despite the rain, the match went ahead.
  • Although it was expensive, we booked the trip.
  • The plan is risky. However, we should try it.
  • Sales fell sharply; therefore, the company cut costs.
  • Despite being tired she finished the race.
  • I took an umbrella in case it rained later.
  • Unless you hurry, we'll miss the bus.

Quick check

Pick an answer to see the rule behind it.

1._____ the rain, the match went ahead.

2._____ it was expensive, we booked the trip.

3.Which sentence is correct?

4.Sales fell sharply; _____, the company cut costs.

5.I took an umbrella _____ it rained later.

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