Participle clauses

• The perfect participle "Having finished" shows the first action was complete before the second.
• The bridge was built (passive), so use the past participle "Built".
• The subject after the comma must do the action. The fox was not walking home, so the sentence is wrong.
• "Not knowing" means "Because he did not know". Put "not" before the participle.
• The participle clause gives the reason and comes first, followed by a comma.
• "Having lived" refers to an earlier experience that explains the present.

• Having finished the report, she sent it to her manager.
• Built in 1890, the bridge is still in use today.
• Walking home, a fox crossed my path.
• Not knowing what to say, he stayed silent.
• Feeling tired, she left the party early.
• Because she lived in Spain before, she speaks Spanish well.

Pick an answer to see the rule behind it.

More in Complex Sentences

• Reduced relative clauses
• Noun clauses