Time expressions

ago, before, during, while, by vs until.

The rules

  • Counting back from NOW: "five years ago".
  • "During" + noun; "while" + clause ("while we were watching").
  • "By" = deadline (at or before); "until" = continuing up to a point ("stay until Friday").
  • Ranges: "from X to Y" (or "between X and Y").
  • "While" + subject + continuous clause.
  • Future deadline with the future perfect: "by the end of the week".

Examples

  • We moved here five years ago.
  • He fell asleep during the film.
  • Please submit the report by Friday.
  • The shop is open from 8 am to 10 pm.
  • The phone rang while I was cooking.
  • I'll have finished the draft by the end of the week.

Quick check

Pick an answer to see the rule behind it.

1.We moved here five years _____.

2.He fell asleep _____ the film.

3.Which sentence is correct?

4.The shop is open _____ 8 am _____ 10 pm.

5.I'll have finished the draft _____ the end of the week.

More in Time & Numbers